"Stateless" citizens issue remains controversial in Kuwait

By Khalid Al-Shammari in Kuwait
For Al-Shorfa.com
2010-05-18



				[YASSER AL-ZAYYAT/AFP/Getty Images] A Bidoun man holds a sign during a protest outside Kuwait's parliament in October, 2008.

[YASSER AL-ZAYYAT/AFP/Getty Images] A Bidoun man holds a sign during a protest outside Kuwait's parliament in October, 2008.

"Who am I?" and "Where is my country?" are basic questions Souad, 18, asks each day.

"My skin is tan and my eyes are black. I was born in Kuwait and live there. But when someone asks me, 'What is your nationality?' the question is left hanging without an answer because I am without nationality," she says.

Souad is a "bidoun", a designation that refers to individuals deemed ineligible for citizenship. According to Kuwaiti government statistics, they currently number about 93,000 people, first counted when they were children in the 1965 census. Media sources place the number of Kuwaiti bidoun higher, at 120,000.

The bidoun not obtaining nationality is partially blamed on individuals who did not seek to secure citizenship between 1959 and 1965. They also include Bedouins excluded by the Kuwaiti Nationality Act of 1959 because of their penchant for travelling back and forth across neighbouring borders.

"The Kuwaiti government recognised the children of the 1965 census and issued a law granting them nationality in 1999, but only hundreds of them obtained Kuwaiti citizenship and in batches," journalist Farhan Al-Salem said.

"The Kuwaiti government always treated the children of this segment as Kuwaitis with the exception of having political rights, until restrictions began in 1986 and reached their peak after the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1990 when some of them were accused of belonging to the Iraqi Army," he added.

"The bidoun are not granted official residency permits, birth or death certificates, or marriage contracts, only reports documented at the Ministry of Justice, in addition to their being denied passports. Article 17 grants passports to the infirm and students," al-Salem added. "Likewise, the bidoun are deprived from registering at state schools or universities."

Navi Pillay, the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, visited Kuwait in late April and expressed concerns on the issue of the bidoun. Although she announced that she is satisfied with government actions in relation to this issue and is aware of the sensitivity of the situation, she said the Kuwaiti government needed to address it. Subsequent review and legislation to address the issue was not undertaken.

"Within our laws there are blatant violations of international human rights standards, and they are inconsistent with Kuwait's obligations and its ratification of major conventions on human rights, most notably the International Covenants on Civil, Political, Economic, Social and Cultural Rights," Dr. Ghanem Al-Najar, former secretary-general of the Kuwaiti Human Rights Association and professor of political science at Kuwait University said.

"The only weakness in Kuwait's human rights [standing] at the United Nations is the bidoun file," he said. "It has become necessary to resolve this issue. There must be action to match the many words coming from officials on this issue, which gives Kuwait a negative image."

Najla Al-Nafi, a state lawyer at the Fatwa and Legislation Department active in the field of human rights said that Kuwaitis are "unsatisfied with the bidouns' inhuman conditions being totally removed from human rights. They are people who have every right to a livelihood."

"While we cannot overlook the fact that some of them hurt their cause with crimes and cases committed against Kuwaiti society, examining the cases submitted for citizenship must be expedited," she said, referring to people for whom the laws apply and for whom it has been established that they are able to serve the nation.

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Reader Comments

2011-02-02 09:04:00

I am a Bidoun living in Australia, my family also had to flea Kuwait within the war. My father, uncles, grandfather and great grand father were all in the army and police force, they served there country but were denied their rights. My family had to go to Iraq at the time of the gulf war as that was the only place we could go, my father almost died and two of my cousins disappeared. We obtained fake passports in order to immigrate to Australia, in which we spent a year in a refugee camp and were then allowed in Australia even though they knew our passports were fake they did not deport us but gave us citizenship status. They saw a human in need and did everything they could to help.

فيصل2010-09-25 06:01:00

We thank God for everything, and we all know that there was nothing under the name of Kuwait 100 years ago. If you asked any Kuwaiti about its name and the name of his father, his grandfather and his family, you would discover that his grandfather was Iraqi, Iranian or Saudi, and so on. However, people hide the truth. I am from Bidun, from Iraqi origins, but my cousins are Kuwaitis and they obtained citizenship. However, this is great evidence of what I said. This is a blight for the ruling family and God will torture them in hell, and I even doubt that they are infidels who do not believe in the hereafter.

قمر2010-06-02 14:03:00

Patience will wear stones before that happens

قتيبة2010-05-29 04:00:00

I support the Kuwaiti Bedouins’ case. They are human beings, and their request for Kuwaiti citizenship must be granted.

فواز2010-05-26 02:01:00

Frankly speaking, the issue of the Bidoun is one of the controversial issues to which the Arab League must find a solution that is acceptable to Allah, the God of all, and to the Bidoun themselves. All human principles, endorsed by believers, unbelievers, Muslims, Jews, Christians and Buddhists, allow the Bidoun to have the Kuwaiti nationality and the most basic rights of citizenship.

راندا2010-05-24 16:01:00

I believe this extension is suspicious. The law was extended for two more years; why not 3 months? The reason is that they want the next elections to take place without judicial oversight, under the suppression of the Authority, so it was extended for the presidential election and the elections of the Shura Council and Parliament. What did the emergency law add to the protection of the people? This law is intended to protect the unfair Power, because of which Egypt has deteriorated and lost its position at the Arab, African and international levels. The Emergency Law protects the corruption of power.

2010-05-24 15:05:00

I know that the Bidoun are stateless groups living in the State of Kuwait. These groups belong to the same origins and races that live in Kuwait. Those origins and races exist on a wide geographical area, stretching from the Arabian Peninsula in the south, to the deserts of Iraq in the north, and to Iran in the east. The Kuwaiti authorities violated their rights through inhuman practices that prevented them from getting their human rights, such as the right to have a birth certificate issued, the right to get jobs, the right to marriage and the right to an identity; and they prevent them from getting an education, medical care and property ownership.

نوري2010-05-24 15:04:00

The Bidoun are experiencing a deplorable social situation. The Kuwaiti government must fear God and give them their full rights. They live in Kuwaiti territory, and they have the right to have citizenship. Arabs are really narrow-minded and are very conceited about the oil wealth given to them by Allah. One day, this petroleum will run out, and then what will become of their conceitedness? They are the last people to call for the teachings of our lenient religion. By God, the Western peoples are closer to God in terms of sympathy with the humanitarian conditions of people. But you, who claim to be Muslims, are very far from Islam. The Human Rights Organization criticized Kuwait for its poor treatment of about 100,000 Bidoun people and said that the state did not recognize the rights of those who have resided in the state for a long time by granting them citizenship or permanent residence. The organization added that these people "face restrictions in access to jobs, health care, education, marriage and starting a family,” calling on the Kuwaiti government to recognize their rights to obtain citizenship. On 02/04/2010, the Emir of Kuwait Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad promised to find a solution to the issue of the Kuwaiti Bidoun and those with loans, after a meeting with the country's MPs. However, there is no concrete solution so far.

Salem2010-05-24 15:03:00

The Arab Commission for Human Rights and the Kuwaiti Bedoons movement ring the bell of the Kuwaiti Bedoons file, as this file in question in more than one Gulf country, and we ask the Kuwaiti government to put an end to this tragedy, respecting the international obligations, particularly International Declaration of Human Rights in all its Articles especially Article NO (15), which provides for the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the nationality, and the Convention relating to Status of Stateless Persons of 28/09/ 1954 and the Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness in 30/08/ 1961 and the Convention on the Rights of the Child 1991 and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, as well as customs and laws of Kuwait, where the situation of Bedoons in general abnormal, and needs to be transferred quickly and effectively to the judiciary and the courts

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