![]() [AMRO MARAGHI/AFP/Getty Images] The cast and crew of the Ramadan satellite TV show 'Tash Ma Tash', subject of a controversial fatwa. |
Egyptian jurisprudence scholars have expressed their support for the recent decree issued by Saudi King Abdullah bin Abdul Aziz limiting fatwas to members of the Council of Senior Ulemas or sheikhs appointed by the Grand Mufti Sheikh Abdul Aziz Aal al-Sheikh.
The decree warned that violators would face legal action.
"The decree does not deviate from the liberal and contemporary reformist approach followed by the Saudi king," said Sheikh Abdul Zahir Shehata, a lecturer at the Al-Azhar College of Sharia (Islamic Law).
"Islamic fatwas are related in form, meaning and content to place and time," said Shehata. "They must keep pace with intellectual and cultural development and facilitate contemporary daily life rather than be a stumbling block before it."
Shehata linked the Saudi decision to previous calls by a group of Saudi intellectuals to control the issuance of fatwas after they became, for some, merely a means of fame and publicity following dissemination via satellite channels, causing doctrinal confusion.
He said that many who issued fatwas interfered in internal political and social affairs, "resulting in dangerous events that could lead to bloodshed, such as fatwas on killing innocent people and owners of satellite channels or destroying property and facilities."
Shehata cited specific fatwas he described as strange, including Sheikh Abdul Mohsen al-Obeikan's fatwa on adult nursing and Sheikh Abdul Mohsen al-Ahmea's fatwa calling for destruction of the Kaaba.
He also pointed to a fatwa prohibiting the "Tash Ma Tash" series, issued by the Khatib Ata Allah al-Balwi, the imam and preacher of the Mosque of the Custodian of the Two Holy Shrines in Gurayat.
Shehata described the Saudi decree as "complete", noting that it excluded individual fatwas people request privately on matters of worship, transactions and personal status.
Sheikh Dr. Mahmoud Abdel Saadi of the Al-Azhar University told Al-Shorfa the decree was needed, citing the chaos surrounding the issuance of fatwas.
He said the decision "restores public confidence in official fatwa authorities, which have the first say in important decisions requiring a fatwa."
Abdel Saadi called for "making the decree universal in Islamic countries restores the luminous face of Islam, which was beset by media distortions because of many fatwas."
Sheikh Hani Abd al-Karim of the Muslim Brotherhood, which is outlawed in Egypt, told Al-Shorfa, "The [Muslim Brotherhood] has not yet issued its formal opinion on the Saudi decision to limit the issuance of fatwas to certain people".
Abd al-Karim said, however, that “restricting the issuance of fatwas to certain people appointed by governments and not others in no way conforms to Islamic values and teachings".
He called for rescinding the decree along with instituting some controls for it that do not completely prohibit issuing fatwas outside the framework of the Council of Senior Ulemas, expressing fears of "making the decree universal or getting adoption by other Muslim countries such as Egypt."
Abdel Saadi expressed surprise at some people's objections.
"Is it reasonable in the 21st century to issue a fatwa for killing those who permit mixing between the sexes at work or study?" he asked.
Abdel Saadi said that the decree should be followed by another one to "control journalists and writers who address religious matters and who have a major impact on society and the Muslim street, especially given the great fears that they are being exploited by some of those affected by the prohibition decree who could use them to continue disseminating tendentious fatwas and ideas with adverse impact."
If the Muslim scholars united, the Muslim nation would rise again from its long torpor….
This is prohibited for you. We departed from the original topic, and some of us started abusing the others. Everyone should recognize his own mistakes first and correct them. We ask God the Almighty to unite the Muslims. We also call on the TV channels to host only the true scholars, but some channels host people who are not well versed in the Sharia, and this causes disagreements among the Muslims. I also invite all of you to start reforming yourselves before attacking other people. I ask God to guide all of us, including the owners of TV channels and all the people who abuse others, to the right path.
This is really strange! If adult breastfeeding is allowable, why do we feel ashamed?
Thank you for this good news.
I do not think that the efforts of the scholars of the Muslim nation, who took hundreds of years to compile the books of Hadith that are authentically reported from the Prophet, peace be upon him, can be unscientific or illogical. Hence, I am totally confident that all the Hadiths in the Sihah Books are absolutely authentic and that ordinary Muslims and Muslim scholars can depend on them.
In my opinion, whoever has doubts about the authenticity of a Hadith, and thinks that it is weak or unauthentic, must not give his own opinion; rather, he should go the religious scholars to ask them about this Hadith, to be in the safe side and to avoid mistakes. Unfortunately, we notice that the phenomenon of strange fatwas that are founded on weak Hadiths has become spread, while they know that these hadiths cannot be cited as references in the fatwas, given their low rank, due to their defective authenticity. Our righteous predecessors adopted this opinion, and they were more knowledgeable about the Sharia due to the fact that they lived close to the time of the Prophet, peace be upon him. In my opinion, the sheikhs who cite weak Hadiths to support their fatwas are unqualified and irresponsible, because the majority of their fatwas perplex the Ummah seeing that they are not based on solid dependable evidence. I call on them to stop their fatwas and adopt the Sharia-approved scientific approaches in issuing fatwas. Issuing fatwas is not an easy task, because the fatwa must depend on strong and valid evidence, not weak ones, so as not to give anyone a chance to reject the fatwa. Hence, we have to be cautious when dealing with the issue of the weak Hadiths, which must not be used as foundations for any fatwa.
I believe that any religious scholar who wants to issue a fatwa must rely on the Hadiths of the aforementioned four books of Hadith that were complied with extraordinary care and according to tough conditions regarding the linguistic aspect, and the authenticity and reliability of the Hadith and its narrators. The results of these efforts were these four main books of the Hadith. Of course, many people may inquire whether there are any unauthentic Hadiths. The answer is yes, because the enemies of Islam and the hypocrites fabricated Hadiths and falsely attributed them to the Prophet, peace be upon him. There are books that focused on these fabricated Hadiths and warned Muslims against them. This is why we have this great Islamic science, which helps us to differentiate between the authentic and fabricated hadiths.
I believe that both Paradise and hell will be filled. Everyone will be rewarded or punished according to his good or bad deeds in this life, whether he was Sunni or Shiite. I call on all people to fear God regarding what they write.
The fatwa about the permissibility of adult breastfeeding was based on weak Hadiths. I demand that all the clergy in our Muslim nation depend only on the absolutely authentic Hadiths because they are undoubtedly true and bear no discussion, and if they depend on the weak, unauthentic or Interpreted Hadiths, or the Hadiths that have a break in their chains of narrators, they will be abusing Islam, and the others will raise doubts and attack their fatwas. To the best of my knowledge, the scholars state that the weak Hadiths can only be acceptable in dealings, but not in issues related to creed or worship. God knows best.
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